On NAND flash devices, UBI reserves some physical erase blocks (PEB) for
bad block handling. Today, the number of reserved PEB can only be set as a
percentage of the total number of PEB in each MTD partition. For example, for a
NAND flash with 128KiB PEB, 2 MTD partition of 20MiB (mtd0) and 100MiB (mtd1)
and 2% reserved PEB:
- the UBI device on mtd0 will have 2 PEB reserved
- the UBI device on mtd1 will have 16 PEB reserved
The problem with this behaviour is that NAND flash manufacturers give a
minimum number of valid block (NVB) during the endurance life of the
device, e.g.:
Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit Notes
--------------------------------------------------------------
Valid block number NVB 1004 1024 Blocks 1
From this number we can deduce the maximum number of bad PEB that a device will
contain during its endurance life: a 128MiB NAND flash (1024 PEB) will not have
less than 20 bad blocks during the flash endurance life.
But the manufacturer doesn't tell where those bad block will appear. He doesn't
say either if they will be equally disposed on the whole device (and I'm pretty
sure they won't). So, according to the datasheets, we should reserve the
maximum number of bad PEB for each UBI device (worst case scenario: 20 bad
blocks appears on the smallest MTD partition).
So this patch make UBI use the whole MTD device size to calculate the maximum
bad expected eraseblocks.
The Kconfig option is in per1024 blocks, thus it can have a default value of 20
which is *very* common for NAND devices.
Signed-off-by: Richard Genoud <richard.genoud@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
'mtd_get_device_size()' returns the size of the whole MTD device, that is the
mtd_info master size. This will be used by UBI to calculate the maximum number
of bad blocks (MBB) on a MTD device.
Artem: amended the patch a bit.
Signed-off-by: Richard Genoud <richard.genoud@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_RESERVE and MIN_RESEVED_PEBS are no longer used,
since the amount of reserved eraseblocks for bad PEB handling is now
derived from 'ubi->bad_peb_limit' (ubi's maximum expected bad
eraseblocks).
Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
The existing mechanism of reserving PEBs for bad PEB handling has two
flaws:
- It is calculated as a percentage of good PEBs instead of total PEBs.
- There's no limit on the amount of PEBs UBI reserves for future bad
eraseblock handling.
This patch changes the mechanism to overcome these flaws.
The desired level of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling (beb_rsvd_level)
is set to the maximum expected bad eraseblocks (bad_peb_limit) minus the
existing number of bad eraseblocks (bad_peb_count).
The actual amount of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling is usually set
to the desired level (but in some circumstances may be lower than the
desired level, e.g. when attaching to a device that has too few
available PEBs to satisfy the desired level).
In the case where the device has too many bad PEBs (above the expected
limit), then the desired level, and the actual amount of PEBs reserved
are set to zero. No PEBs will be set aside for future bad eraseblock
handling - even if some PEBs are made available (e.g. by shrinking a
volume).
If another PEB goes bad, and there are available PEBs, then the
eraseblock will be marked bad (consuming one available PEB). But if
there are no available PEBs, ubi will go into readonly mode.
Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com>
Introduce 'ubi->bad_peb_limit', which specifies an upper limit of PEBs
UBI expects to go bad. Currently, it is initialized to a fixed percentage
of total PEBs in the UBI device (configurable via CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_LIMIT).
The 'bad_peb_limit' is intended to be used for calculating the amount of PEBs
UBI needs to reserve for bad eraseblock handling.
Artem: minor amendments.
Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
GPMC platform initialization provides it's clients
with interrupts that can be used through struct
resource. Make use of it for irq mode functionality.
Also now write protect disable is done by GPMC,
hence remove it.
Signed-off-by: Afzal Mohammed <afzal@ti.com>
Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
[tony@atomide.com: updated to fix new warnings introduced]
Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
gpmc initialization for onenand done by platform code now provides
onenand address space as memory resource. Hence remove usage of
gpmc_cs_request in onenand driver and obtain memory details from
resource structure.
Signed-off-by: Afzal Mohammed <afzal@ti.com>
Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
gpmc initialization done by platform code now updates struct resource
with the address space alloted for nand. Use this interface to obtain
memory rather than relying on platform data field - phys_base.
Signed-off-by: Afzal Mohammed <afzal@ti.com>
Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
GPMC platform initialization has been modified to fill NAND
platform data with GPMC NAND register details. As these
registers are accessible in NAND driver itself, configure
NAND in GPMC by itself.
Modified prefetch and ecc functions are logically same as
the corresponding exported symbols from GPMC code.
Note: Verfying that other CS have not yet enabled for
prefetch & ecc has to be incorporated. Currently this
causes no issues as there are no boards that use NAND
on multiple CS. With ongoing GPMC driver migration,
perhaps it would be better to consider NAND connected
on multiple CS as a single peripheral using multiple CS.
This would make handling multiple CS issues easier.
Signed-off-by: Afzal Mohammed <afzal@ti.com>
Acked-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
This patch contains a hack to get the DMA resources of the device when
probed from a devicetree node. This can be removed once a generic DMA
controller framework lands.
A mtd_part_parser_data is passed mtd_device_parse_register which
contains a reference to the device node, so MTD partitions can be
added as children.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Haojian Zhuang <haojian.zhuang@gmail.com>
AT91 SoC related code modifications: a cleanup in defconfigs and
a one liner in a board file.
The most important is the move to atmel-mci driver in AT91 SoC & boards.
The old at91_mci (marked as deprecated) will be removed in 3.7. So all
platform data for this old driver are erased and replace by information
needed by atmel-mci driver.
* tag 'at91-for-next-soc' of git://github.com/at91linux/linux-at91:
ARM: at91: add atmel-mci support for chips and boards which can use it
ARM: at91/defconfig: change the MCI driver to use in defconfigs
ARM: at91: set i2c_board_info.type to "ds1339" directly
ARM: at91/defconfig: Remove unaffected config option
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
This attempts to get the bcmring platform better in line with the
other platforms. Moving the header files below mach/ helps with
the future reorganization for multiplatform kernels, and using
MMIO accessors is generally the right thing.
* testing/bcmring:
ARM: bcmring: use proper MMIO accessors
ARM: bcmring: remove include/csp/ subdir
ARM: bcmring: move cfg_global header to mach/
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Pull arm-soc bug fixes from Arnd Bergmann:
"These are a bunch of bug fixes that came in after the merge window and
one update for the MAINTAINERS file.
The largest part of the fixes are patches that address bugs found by
building all the ARM defconfig files. There are a lot more warnings
that we have patches for, but the others are either still under
discussion or are harmless and do not cause actual problems besides
making the build slightly noisy."
* tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (30 commits)
ARM: davinci: remove broken ntosd2_init_i2c
ARM: s3c24xx: enable CONFIG_BUG for tct_hammer
omap-rng: fix use of SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS
spi/s3c64xx: improve error handling
mtd/omap2: fix dmaengine_slave_config error handling
gpio: em: do not discard em_gio_irq_domain_cleanup
ARM: exynos: exynos_pm_add_dev_to_genpd may be unused
ARM: imx: gpmi-nand depends on mxs-dma
ARM: integrator: include <linux/export.h>
ARM: s3c24xx: use new PWM driver
ARM: sa1100: include linux/io.h in hackkit leds code
Input: eeti_ts: pass gpio value instead of IRQ
ARM: pxa: remove irq_to_gpio from ezx-pcap driver
ARM: tegra: more regulator fixes for Harmony
usb/ohci-omap: remove unused variable
mfd/asic3: fix asic3_mfd_probe return value
ARM: kirkwood: fix typo in Makefile.boot
i.MX27: Fix emma-prp and csi clocks.
ARM: integrator: use clk_prepare_enable() for timer
MAINTAINERS: update entry for Linus Walleij
...
These patches all fix bugs that were newly introduced in v3.6-rc1
and found because they cause a gcc warning with one of the ARM
defconfigs. Most of them are harmless, but since we're trying
to get rid of all warnings eventually, we can start with the ones
that were not there before.
* testing/new-warnings:
omap-rng: fix use of SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS
spi/s3c64xx: improve error handling
mtd/omap2: fix dmaengine_slave_config error handling
gpio: em: do not discard em_gio_irq_domain_cleanup
ARM: exynos: exynos_pm_add_dev_to_genpd may be unused
usb/ohci-omap: remove unused variable
mfd/asic3: fix asic3_mfd_probe return value
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
The newly added dmaengine support in the omap2 nand driver
potentially causes an undefined return value from the
omap_nand_probe function when dmaengine_slave_config
reports an error. Let's handle this by returning the
same error back to the caller.
Without this patch, building omap2plus_defconfig results in:
drivers/mtd/nand/omap2.c: In function 'omap_nand_probe':
drivers/mtd/nand/omap2.c:1154:6: warning: 'err' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wuninitialized]
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Grazvydas Ignotas <notasas@gmail.com>
It is not currently possible to build the gpmi-nand driver without
also building the mxs-dma driver. Clarify this Kconfig and enable
both in the defconfig file so we can build it again with both enabled.
drivers/built-in.o: In function `gpmi_dma_filter':
clk-fixed-factor.c:(.text+0xafc18): undefined reference to `mxs_dma_is_apbh'
make[1]: *** [vmlinux] Error 1
make: *** [sub-make] Error 2
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Dirk Behme <dirk.behme@de.bosch.com>
Cc: Shawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>
Cc: Sascha Hauer <kernel@pengutronix.de>
Pull m68k updates from Geert Uytterhoeven.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/linux-m68k:
m68k: Make sys_atomic_cmpxchg_32 work on classic m68k
m68k/apollo: Rename "timer" to "apollo_timer"
zorro: Remove unused zorro_bus.devices
m68k: Remove never used asm/shm.h
m68k/sun3: Remove unselectable code in prom_init()
m68k: Use asm-generic version of <asm/sections.h>
m68k: Replace m68k-specific _[se]bss by generic __bss_{start,stop}
mtd/uclinux: Use generic __bss_stop instead of _ebss
m68knommu: Allow ColdFire CPUs to use unaligned accesses
m68k: Remove five unused headers
m68k: CPU32 does not support unaligned accesses
m68k: Introduce config option CPU_HAS_NO_UNALIGNED
m68k: delay, muldi3 - Use CONFIG_CPU_HAS_NO_MULDIV64
m68k: Move CPU_HAS_* config options
m68k: Remove duplicate FPU config option
m68knommu: Clean up printing of sections
m68k: Use asm-generic version of <asm/types.h>
m68k: Use Kbuild logic to import asm-generic headers
Pull ARM DMA engine updates from Russell King:
"This looks scary at first glance, but what it is is:
- a rework of the sa11x0 DMA engine driver merged during the previous
cycle, to extract a common set of helper functions for DMA engine
implementations.
- conversion of amba-pl08x.c to use these helper functions.
- addition of OMAP DMA engine driver (using these helper functions),
and conversion of some of the OMAP DMA users to use DMA engine.
Nothing in the helper functions is ARM specific, so I hope that other
implementations can consolidate some of their code by making use of
these helpers.
This has been sitting in linux-next most of the merge cycle, and has
been tested by several OMAP folk. I've tested it on sa11x0 platforms,
and given it my best shot on my broken platforms which have the
amba-pl08x controller.
The last point is the addition to feature-removal-schedule.txt, which
will have a merge conflict. Between myself and TI, we're planning to
remove the old TI DMA implementation next year."
Fix up trivial add/add conflicts in Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
and drivers/dma/{Kconfig,Makefile}
* 'dmaengine' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm: (53 commits)
ARM: 7481/1: OMAP2+: omap2plus_defconfig: enable OMAP DMA engine
ARM: 7464/1: mmc: omap_hsmmc: ensure probe returns error if DMA channel request fails
Add feature removal of old OMAP private DMA implementation
mtd: omap2: remove private DMA API implementation
mtd: omap2: add DMA engine support
spi: omap2-mcspi: remove private DMA API implementation
spi: omap2-mcspi: add DMA engine support
ARM: omap: remove mmc platform data dma_mask and initialization
mmc: omap: remove private DMA API implementation
mmc: omap: add DMA engine support
mmc: omap_hsmmc: remove private DMA API implementation
mmc: omap_hsmmc: add DMA engine support
dmaengine: omap: add support for cyclic DMA
dmaengine: omap: add support for setting fi
dmaengine: omap: add support for returning residue in tx_state method
dmaengine: add OMAP DMA engine driver
dmaengine: sa11x0-dma: add cyclic DMA support
dmaengine: sa11x0-dma: fix DMA residue support
dmaengine: PL08x: ensure all descriptors are freed when channel is released
dmaengine: PL08x: get rid of write only pool_ctr and free_txd locking
...
Remove the private DMA API implementation from nand/omap2.c
making it use entirely the DMA engine API.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Add DMA engine support to the OMAP2 NAND driver. This supplements the
private DMA API implementation contained within this driver, and the
driver can be independently switched at build time between using DMA
engine and the private DMA API.
Tested-by: Grazvydas Ignotas <notasas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Pull MIPS updates from Ralf Baechle:
"More hardware support across the field including a bunch of device
drivers. The highlight however really are further steps towards
device tree.
This has been sitting in -next for ages. All MIPS _defconfigs have
been tested to boot or where I don't have hardware available, to at
least build fine."
* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus: (77 commits)
MIPS: Loongson 1B: Add defconfig
MIPS: Loongson 1B: Add board support
MIPS: Netlogic: early console fix
MIPS: Netlogic: Fix indentation of smpboot.S
MIPS: Netlogic: remove cpu_has_dc_aliases define for XLP
MIPS: Netlogic: Remove unused pcibios_fixups
MIPS: Netlogic: Add XLP SoC devices in FDT
MIPS: Netlogic: Add IRQ mappings for more devices
MIPS: Netlogic: USB support for XLP
MIPS: Netlogic: XLP PCIe controller support.
MIPS: Netlogic: Platform changes for XLR/XLS I2C
MIPS: Netlogic: Platform NAND/NOR flash support
MIPS: Netlogic: Platform changes for XLS USB
MIPS: Netlogic: Remove NETLOGIC_ prefix
MIPS: Netlogic: SMP wakeup code update
MIPS: Netlogic: Update comments in smpboot.S
MIPS: BCM63XX: Add 96328avng reference board
MIPS: Expose PCIe drivers for MIPS
MIPS: BCM63XX: Add PCIe Support for BCM6328
MIPS: BCM63XX: Move the PCI initialization into its own function
...
The clk patches added code to get and enable clocks in the
respective driver probe functions. If the probe function failed
for some reason after enabling the clock, the clock was not
disabled again in many cases.
Signed-off-by: Simon Baatz <gmbnomis@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Lumm <andrew@lunn.ch>
Pull UBI changes from Artem Bityutskiy:
"Change the default amount of eraseblocks which UBI reserves for bad
block handling from 1% to 2%, because 1% does not meet most modern
flash requirements. 1% was good enough in the past for old
high-quality SLCs, but nowadays 2% is much more appropriate.:
Other changes are clean-ups.
* tag 'upstream-3.6-rc1' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-ubi:
UBI: harmonize the update of ubi->beb_rsvd_pebs
UBI: trivial: fix comment of ubi_calculate_reserved function
UBI: fix spelling of detach in debug output
UBI: Change the default percentage of reserved PEB
The platform data can now specify which external memory banks to probe
for NAND chips, and in which order. Banks that contain a NAND are used
and the other banks are freed.
Squashed version of development done in jz-2.6.38 branch.
Original patch by Lars-Peter Clausen with some bug fixes from me.
Thanks to Paul Cercueil for the initial autodetection patch.
Signed-off-by: Maarten ter Huurne <maarten@treewalker.org>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/3560/
Acked-By: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Currently, there are several locations where an attempt to reserve more
PEBs for bad PEB handling is made, with the same code being duplicated.
Harmonize it by introducing 'ubi_update_reserved()'.
Also, improve the debug message issued, making it more descriptive.
Artem: amended the patch a little.
Signed-off-by: Shmulik Ladkani <shmulik.ladkani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
The actual value (1%) is too low for actual NAND devices, a huge
majority of device has 2% maximum bad blocks (SLC or MLC).
(Actually it's 20 blocks on a 1024 blocks device, 40/2048...)
Signed-off-by: Richard Genoud <richard.genoud@gmail.com>
Fix the following issues with Micron's (formerly Numonyx)
M29EW NOR flash chips, as documented on TN-13-07:
- Correcting Erase Suspend Hang Ups (page 20)
- Resolving the Delay After Resume Issue (page 22)
Signed-off-by: Gerlando Falauto <gerlando.falauto@keymile.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Pass mount flags to sget() so that it can use them in initialising a new
superblock before the set function is called. They could also be passed to the
compare function.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull late MTD fixes from David Woodhouse:
- fix 'sparse warning fix' regression which totally breaks MXC NAND
- fix GPMI NAND regression when used with UBI
- update/correct sysfs documentation for new 'bitflip_threshold' field
- fix nandsim build failure
* tag 'for-linus-20120712' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-mtd:
mtd: nandsim: don't open code a do_div helper
mtd: ABI documentation: clarification of bitflip_threshold
mtd: gpmi-nand: fix read page when reading to vmalloced area
mtd: mxc_nand: use 32bit copy functions
This patch adjusts the LPC32xx MLC NAND driver to the new pl08x DMA interface,
fixing the compile error resulting from changed pl08x structures.
Signed-off-by: Roland Stigge <stigge@antcom.de>
Acked-By: Alexandre Pereira da Silva <aletes.xgr@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
This patch adjusts the LPC32xx SLC NAND driver to the new pl08x DMA interface,
fixing the compile error resulting from changed pl08x structures.
Signed-off-by: Roland Stigge <stigge@antcom.de>
Acked-By: Alexandre Pereira da Silva <aletes.xgr@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Pull two MTD fixes from David Woodhouse:
- Fix a logic error in OLPC CAFÉ NAND ready() function.
- Fix regression due to bitflip handling changes.
* tag 'for-linus-20120706' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-mtd:
mtd: cafe_nand: fix an & vs | mistake
mtd: nand: initialize bitflip_threshold prior to BBT scanning
Handle timouts in general and return value of
'wait_event_interruptible_timeout' in particular, to capture all
conditions.
'wait_event_interruptible_timeout' returns either of the following three
values :-
* 0 - time out occurred.
* negative
* -ERESTARTSYS - return because of a signal
* other - for a real error
* positive - time remaining
Fix particularly 'ERESTARTSYS' condition which is not properly handled
by the smi driver at a couple of places leading to an erroneous
situation.
Signed-off-by: Antonio BORNEO <antonio.borneo@st.com>
Signed-off-by: Shiraz Hashim <shiraz.hashim@st.com>
Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
It was observed that sometimes smi returned errors while resume from
suspend.
For safety reasons clear status register for any errors during init. In
absence of it smi can return failures during command transmissions.
Signed-off-by: Shiraz Hashim <shiraz.hashim@st.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
